Causes.

There are a few corrections for dropping the ball but they are all based on the type of topped shot you’re hitting. The shortened lead arm (chicken wing) can be corrected simply by knowing that and extending the arm or reestablishing the full radius. “Late” topping where the body gets to the ball well before the arms and cub are often corrected a little more turn in the backswing and letting the arms fall early from the top. There are others but those two are most common.