Each golf club in your bag is built to have a natural shaft lean, either forward, backward or vertical. The key to finding the correct setup position is to make sure the club is placed on the ground in its natural position. A 60 degree wedge for example has a massive natural forward shaft lean due to the loft, whereas a 4-iron naturally leans backward.
I put my hands in the middle of my body under my chin with each club (other than the driver) and let that natural lean of the shaft dictate my ball position. With that process, shorter clubs will go more back in the stance while longer clubs will go more forward in the stance. My 60 degree is almost on my back foot for a full swing, but my long irons/hybrids/fairway woods are more forward simply by using the natural design of the club. I am not changing anything becuase my hands are in the same place, the club changes my ball position. If you can’t tell how the club is supposed to sit naturally on the ground, then put the sole of the club flat on your palm and you will be able to notice how the clubs all have a different orientation.
The only club that my hands are not perfectly in my body center is the driver, as I manipulate my hands slightly further forward, halfway between my body center and my lead leg. This allows for the more extreme forward ball position required for the driver, just inside the lead heal. This is necessary as the ball is now on a high tee and the angle of approach is upward to the ball.
Making sure the club sits naturally on the ground also dictates your distance from the ball. Assuming you have proper posture with slight knee bend and the correct amount of bend from the waist, then your arms hang naturally under your chin and you grab the club from there, the distance from the ball is again decided by the club itself. So shorter clubs you are closer and longer clubs you are further, which is an easier concept for most golfers to understand than the changing ball positions.